Occupational disruption amid COVID-19 movement restrictions: A qualitative case study exploration

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent public health safety measures disrupted daily lives as all but essential services were limited and many individuals found themselves confined to their home. Objective: In order to understand the impact of early pandemic safety measures on occupation during a specific developmental phase, this study explored the perceptions of emerging adult occupational therapy students in one Midwestern US city. Methods: The researchers used a qualitative case study design to analyze selected course assignments in exploring student (N = 13;n = 1 male) perceptions during early COVID-19 movement restrictions. Findings: Primary themes noted 1) the importance of context or occupational spaces on adaptation, (2) how changes in routines influence being, and (3) the impact of social occupations to belonging and mental health. Conclusion: The occupational disruption caused by COVID-19 safety measures impacted participants' ‘being in place' and adaptation was facilitated by the way habits and routines were performed in confined spaces. Future research should look at the long-term impact of the disruption on emerging adult occupation and resilience, since this phase of life is a key to adult becoming. © 2023 The Journal of Occupational Science Incorporated.

Relation between young children's anger and fathers' mental health during the covid-19 epidemic: Moderating role of gender and child number

The father-child interaction deserves attention during the COVID-19 epidemic. This study administrated the Child Anger Questionnaire and the SCL-90 Symptom Checklist to collect primary data from 1862 fathers of Chinese young children during the COVID-19 outbreak, examined the relation between young children's anger and their fathers' mental health, and verified whether the relation was moderated by the gender or the child number. The results demonstrated that the detection rate of anger among Chinese young children was 60.08%, the scores of SCL-90 factors of their fathers were significantly lower than the Chinese normal adult male norms and those of infant parents, and the anger of young children had a significant effect on their fathers' mental health. Gender and child number moderated this relation. It is of great significance to strengthen the attention to the anger of young children and the mental health of fathers during the period of public health emergencies, and to promote the harmonious interpersonal relationship between young children and their fathers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in the Relationship Between Eating Attitudes and Depressive Symptoms

Emerging adulthood, which coincides with the transition period between late adolescence and early adulthood, is a risky period in the development of psychopathologies due to its developmental characteristics. Emotion regulation difficulties are one of the psychological factors that play a role in the development and maintenance of co-occurring psychopathologies such as depression and eating disorders. The current study, which was conducted during the coronavirus pandemic, it was aimed to examine the mediating role of difficulty in emotion regulation in the relationship between risky eating attitudes and depressive symptoms in emerging adults. The research sample consists of 371 people, 227 women and 144 men, between the ages of 18-25. Beck Depression Inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and Eating Attitudes Test-Short Form were used for data collection. The data were collected online, during the coronavirus pandemic. The results of the simple mediation model test showed that the direct effect of eating attitudes on depression symptoms was not significant, but the indirect effect was. Accordingly, eating attitudes were not directly associated with depressive symptoms, but it leads an increase in depressive symptoms through increasing the emotion regulation difficulties. The effects of gender and body mass index, which were included in the mediation model to control the effect on depression symptoms, were not significant. Findings of the study indicated that risky eating attitudes in emerging adults lead to increase in emotion regulation difficulties, which in turn lead to increase in depressive symptoms. The findings and their clinical implications are discussed in the light of the relevant literature. © 2022 The Author(s).

Framing covid-19 through memes: A way for young people to shape the narrative in austria

The Covid-19 pandemic and the intensified digitalization of life-worlds has especially affected younger generations, also in Austria. In this paper, we approach digital practices of 43 young adults between 16 and 18 years in a frame-analytical perspective to understand forms of politicization during the Covid-19 pandemic. We analyze memes in order to make sense of youth's life-worlds during the pandemic. The memes were created by youth as a result of a workshop series with the researchers. Our research shows that memes have provided a means for engaging and dealing digitally and emotionally with Covid-19-related problems. We show that the respective youth address educational, social and democratic issues by problematizing 'homeschooling as overburdening', a 'lack of planning' and 'social divisions'. Moreover, meme-creation offers a perspective on how youth express and create a 'sense of community' through digital practices. During the pandemic youth have increasingly come to understand and represent themselves as a group with shared experiences in digital space, going along with a positioning as 'younger generation' vis-a-vis older generations. We argue that the fact that the pandemic has affected youth heavily and the fact that they do not see their issues and needs represented by political representatives or media shows the potential and limits of digital spaces for younger generations to connect (politically). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Impacts of COVID-19 on community college efforts to improve students' mental health

College students' positive mental health is integral to academic success, the college experience, overall health, and success after graduation. The emerging adulthood developmental period is marked by identity exploration and transitional stress, creating a peak time for the onset of mental health disorders. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the mental health symptoms of this already vulnerable population. Further, higher education counseling centers are overwhelmed by their student populations' heightened mental health needs. The extent to which the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted New Jersey community college counseling centers' response to this mental health crisis has not yet been fully explored. This qualitative case study examined staff responses from four community college counseling centers in New Jersey to promote students' mental health through the lens of the Institute of Medicine's prevention framework, the social emotional learning framework, and a conceptual framework grounded in resilience theory. Findings from this study demonstrated the swift departmental adaptations activated to pivot services and create innovative programs to promote students' wellness. Findings also affirmed the absence of an overarching framework to guide mental health programs at the community college level and highlighted low funding, understaffing, and staff burnout as barriers to establishing universal mental health promotion practices. This study's implications for policy reform and practice suggest that embedding universal mental health promotion practices into higher education settings can reduce barriers to wellness supports and equip students with skills to mitigate adverse mental health outcomes, promoting their overall wellness and success. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Twins early development study (teds): A genetically sensitive investigation of mental health outcomes in the mid-twenties

The Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) is a longitudinal study following a cohort of twins born 1994-1996 in England and Wales. Of the 13,759 families who originally consented to take part, over 10,000 families remain enrolled in the study. The current focus of TEDS is on mental health in the mid-twenties. Making use of over 25 years of genetically sensitive data, TEDS is uniquely placed to explore the longitudinal genetic and environmental influences on common mental health disorders in early adulthood. This paper outlines recent data collection efforts supporting this work, including a cohort-wide mental health assessment at age 26 and a multi-phase Covid-19 study. It will also provide an update on data linkage efforts and the Children of TEDS (CoTEDS) project. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic for the Well-Being of Emerging Adult Populations: A Synthesis of Findings From the COVID-19 Eating and Activity Over Time (C-EAT) Study

Research addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychosocial well-being and health behavior is accumulating;however, implications for emerging adult populations are underexplored. This manuscript synthesizes findings from a mixed-methods study of well-being, eating and activity behaviors, and food insecurity among a diverse, longitudinal cohort of emerging adults. The review includes findings from 11 original studies that involved collecting online surveys from 720 emerging adults and in-depth, virtual interviews with 33 respondents who were food insecure. Findings indicated the pandemic had widespread impacts on well-being. Population groups at greatest risk for poor outcomes included women;those who identified as Black, Indigenous, or a Person of Color;persons in households of low socioeconomic status;parents of young children;and persons who previously experienced mental health challenges or weight stigma. Further research will be needed to evaluate efforts to improve the well-being of emerging adults in the aftermath of the pandemic. © 2023 Society for the Study of Emerging Adulthood and SAGE Publishing.

The impact of covid-19 lockdown on parents and young people with autism spectrum disorder (asd)

The spread of COVID-19 resulted in restrictive lockdowns. For families supporting young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), the service system was stripped away. The aim of this study was to explore the impact of this challenging situation on a group of Australian carers and parents of children and young people with ASD, with an intention to inform policy and practice based on the lived experiences of these families. A survey of parents of children and young people with ASD in Australia returned 117 responses, of which 86 responded to open-ended questions about COVID-19 lockdowns. Twelve parents responded to the invitation to be interviewed. Interview and survey data were analysed thematically. Five themes emerged: accessing support services, receiving support services online, changes in behaviour, higher levels of conflict, and impact on health and relationships. The experience of lockdowns under COVID-19 undermined informal and formal support systems, and had a particularly strong negative impact on the experiences of children with ASD and their families. These findings also provide support for understanding the social model of disability as a mainstay in the lives of children with disabilities and their carers. IMPLICATIONS The social model of disability was dismantled for children and young people and their carers during the COVID crisis. This unacceptable attack on the human rights of disabled people (people with a disability) needs future planning to ensure that it does not occur again. Future crises require more nuanced policy and practice responses that do not close off all child and family supports to children with ASD and their carers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Changes in Young Latino Adults' Depressive and Anxious Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Related Stressors.

PURPOSE: Youth are vulnerable to poor mental health outcomes during emerging adulthood. This study examined COVID-19 pandemic effects among young Latino adults and changes in anxiety and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Using data from 309 individuals, predominantly of Mexican origin, we examined anxiety and depressive symptoms (before and during COVID) to determine whether mental health worsened during this period. We also examined associations between specific pandemic-related stressors and mental health. Analyses used paired T-tests and linear regressions. Participant sex was included as a moderator. We corrected for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg method. RESULTS: During the 2-year time period, depressive symptoms increased while anxiety symptoms decreased. There were no significant stressor by sex interactions; however, exploratory analyses signaled that pandemic-related stressors had stronger mental health effects for young women. DISCUSSION: Young adults' depressive and anxiety symptoms changed during the pandemic, and pandemic-related stressors were associated with increases in mental health symptoms.

Correction

Reports an error in "The relationship between sextortion during COVID-19 and pre-pandemic intimate partner violence: A large, study of victimization among diverse U.S. men and women" by Asia A. Eaton, Divya Ramjee and Jessica F. Saunders (Victims & Offenders, Advanced Online Publication, Jan 15, 2022, np). In the original article, on pg 7 in the statistical analysis paragraph, the second sentence reads, "To examine the simultaneous effects of physical, sexual, and psychological IPV on sextortion during the pandemic, while controlling for age, race, and whether prior IPV was perpetrated by a partner (vs. non-partner) . . . " The "whether prior IPV was perpetrated by a partner (vs. non-partner)" should instead read "whether the sextortion was perpetrated by a partner or non-partner." Similarly, Figure 1 should include "Sextortion by Partner" rather than "PRIOR IPV BY PARTNER". The online version has been corrected. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2022-29074-001). ABSTRACT In a large and diverse sample of U.S. adults, we assessed participants' experience with pre-COVID in-person intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and with sextortion victimization during COVID to better understand the relationship between these phenomena. Experiencing sexual IPV pre-COVID increased the likelihood that men and women would experience sextortion during COVID. Men, Black and Native women, LGBTQ individuals, and emerging adults more often experienced sextortion during COVID than other groups. Implications for research on technology-facilitated sexual violence and practice with survivors are explored. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Emoji use in online communication with emerging adults: The impact on ambiguity, affect, and social connection

The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent social distancing guidelines has had a great impact on society. Emerging adults (ages 18-29) specifically are struggling as their need for social connection is critical to their mental health. However, the lack of nonverbal cues in electronically mediated communication (EMC) makes maintaining relationships online more difficult. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, our online communication has been advancing, so that some nonverbal cues, such as gestures and facial expressions, can be replicated in text conversations through emojis. Specifically, this study examined the role of emojis in providing emotional cues to reduce ambiguity, enhance positive affect, decrease negative affect, and increase feelings of social connectedness. Four separate ANCOVAs were conducted in order to explore the differences between emojis conditions (positive, negative, neutral, and no emojis) on the outcome variables while including current levels of psychological distress as a covariate. For each of the four models, there was at least one emoji condition that was statistically different than the others, suggesting that the inclusion of emojis had a significant impact on perceived ambiguity, changes in positive and negative affect, and feelings of connectedness. Additional pairwise t-tests demonstrated that the ambiguous text message was the clearest when it was accompanied by a positive emoji, when compared to both the negative and neutral emoji condition. The statements with a positive emoji, instead of no emoji, contributed to less of a decrease in positive affect. Additionally, the addition of each emoji had a unique impact on negative affect. Furthermore, positive emojis, when added to an ambiguous text message, contributed the most to feelings of connectedness when compared to the negative emoji, the neutral emoji, and no emoji conditions. Limitations and future directions are also discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Depression symptoms, mattering, and anti-mattering: Longitudinal associations in young adulthood

We examined the dynamic interplay of depression symptoms, mattering (i.e., self-evaluation of importance or significance to others), and anti-mattering across four years of development in young adulthood (age 20-23;N = 452) using a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM). Support for a transactional model between anti-mattering and depression symptoms was found. Specifically, anti-mattering positively predicted later depression symptoms and depression symptoms consistently predicted later anti-mattering. Depression symptoms also shared a negative association with later mattering but not the reverse, supporting a symptoms-driven model of depression symptoms and mattering. Auto-regressive paths, residual covariances, and cross-lagged paths were invariant over time. Accounting for gender, household income, parental education, and fear of COVID-19 as covariates did not change the results. The stability of mattering and anti-mattering suggest careful consideration of how to effectively change these patterns. The implications for assessment and intervention on mattering or anti-mattering in the prevention and treatment of depression are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Factors that influence emerging adults' sexual health decisions: A qualitative descriptive study

Emerging adults experience increased interest in sexual health matters and the desire to create meaningful relationships, but how they make sexual health decisions is unknown. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to indicate how emerging adults describe their experience with factors (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, chronosystem, and techno-subsystem) that influence their sexual health decisions. The study used Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems model modified by Johnson and Puplampu to include the techno-subsystem. Forty-five online questionnaires and 10 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with a sample of emerging adults who were 18-25 years old, had visited a suburban healthcare facility in Southern California within the last 12 months, had sought online sexual health information sources, and were fluent in English. The framework of the ecological systems levels was used to analyze the question of-How do emerging adults who visited a suburban healthcare facility describe their experience with factors that influence their sexual health decisions? Fourteen themes emerged from the data collected: (a) relatives, (b) social systems, (c) professional system, (d) mutuality, (e) propaganda, (f) evidence-based knowledge, (g) cultural traditions and stereotypes, (h) politics, (i) religion, (j) medical pandemic, (k) virtual healthcare, (l) intrinsic features, (m) mindset, and (n) heredity. Emerging adults connect information from multiple sources within their environment when making critical decisions about their sexual health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Satisfaction with telemedicine interventions and barriers to utilization among emerging adults with chronic pain: A mixed methods needs assessment

Background: Telemedicine has been increasingly embraced by the healthcare system in recent years, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Adult views of telemedicine interventions are largely favorable, particularly after adults receive these interventions. However, the attitudes and perceptions that emerging adults (EAs) with chronic pain have about telemedicine remain understudied. In addition, barriers to accessing telemedicine among this population are unclear. The transition from adolescent-oriented to adult-oriented healthcare can interfere with patients' engagement in their healthcare, and patient opinions are an important aspect of successful transitions. This is particularly true for EAs with chronic health conditions, and it is important to identify ways to support their self-reliance and autonomy in managing their healthcare needs as they undergo this transition. The current study aimed to determine the barriers to and perceptions of telemedicine utilization among EAs with chronic pain.Methods: Participants in the quantitative phase were 59 EAs with chronic pain who completed the Patient Assessment of Communication during Telemedicine (PACT) and Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ). The qualitative phase utilized individual interviews of eight EAs with chronic pain to further characterize the barriers identified in the quantitative phase and assess how these barriers can be addressed in acceptable ways. We utilized thematic analysis from a phenomenological lens to code qualitative data.Results: Descriptive analyses of quantitative surveys revealed patient-level barriers to telemedicine utilization and satisfaction, including feeling unsatisfied with the patient-provider relationship and poor communication during telemedicine interventions. Results of the qualitative interviews revealed four major themes: (1) Relationship and communication with provider, (2) Provider competence, (3) Logistical aspects of telehealth, and (4) Technology concerns.Discussion: This study elucidated several barriers to telemedicine utilization and satisfaction among EAs with chronic pain. We provide guidelines about how providers can improve the aspects of telemedicine that our study participants indicated concern about. We also discuss provider burnout and its implications in patient satisfaction with telemedicine. The guidelines provided by this study may be useful in helping to decrease the number of patients lost to follow-up when transitioning from adolescent healthcare to adult healthcare. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

The influence of critical life events on life trajectories - An investigation of personality development, well-being, and core beliefs

Much has been achieved with regard to how critical life events influence trajectories in life. Theories on the development of personality and well-being emphasize that people differ in the rate, timing, and direction life events influence certain personality traits and key indicators of well-being such as life satisfaction. However, there has been an urgent call for longitudinal studies exploring processes that underlie individual differences of the appraisal and reaction to critical life events. This dissertation seeks to meet this plea by investigating the influence of specific and non-specific critical life events on personality development and life satisfaction, taking into account one's subjective perception of these events. Since core beliefs can alter mental representations of life events, the present dissertation explores a possible moderating role of mindset and self-efficacy. Moreover, this dissertation places particular focus on the assessment of life events and implications for the critical age periods of adolescence and emerging adulthood. While the first longitudinal study (N = 1,243) focusses on the influence of two specific life events, school graduation and moving away from the childhood home, on trait changes in the Big Five, the second study (N = 1,477) explores personality development below the domain level in trait intellect, a facet of openness, with regard to predominantly non-specific life events. The third study (N = 1,920) expands the scope of the current thesis by considering the impact of a collective experienced life event, the COVID-19 pandemic, on the development of life satisfaction over four measurement occasions. Across the three studies, I investigate individual differences by considering the moderating role of the core beliefs of mindset or self-efficacy. Although none of the studies suggest that these critical life events have an influence in and of themselves, results reveal significant personality changes (Study 1) and changes in life satisfaction (Study 3) when taking into account subjective perceptions of the critical life events. Further, the results of studies 1 and 2 indicate personality development in traits that are associated with mature functioning. While a moderating role of mindset was found in study 1 regarding the influence of the perception of the life event graduation on levels in extraversion and neuroticism, results indicated no moderating effects of self-efficacy in the studies 2 and 3. However, the present results reveal selection and socialization effects of selfefficacy with respect to the development of intellect (Study 2), and significant effects of self-efficacy on life satisfaction before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (Study 3). All in all, the present findings contribute to a deeper understanding on the processing of life events, but further longitudinal studies are needed to observe individual life trajectories in young adulthood with respect to different event characteristics and implicit beliefs. In the conclusion, limitations of this dissertation, future research ideas, as well as practical implications for adolescents and emerging adults are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

Supporting the career development of black adults during the covid-19 pandemic

In this pilot study, Black adults (N = 15) in a large Midwestern city who were economically impacted by the pandemic completed three career development webinars. The study examined how completing three career development webinars improved participants' perceptions of career search efficacy and helped participants progress toward their career development goals. Results of a linear regression indicated a significant positive increase in post-test career search efficacy scores. Results of the thematic analysis revealed four themes: career development knowledge, career development confidence, entrepreneurship, and exploring career interests. Implications for counselors and counselor educators are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)

"If You are Going to Step on This Campus, You Have to Get Vaccinated”: A Qualitative Understanding of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Emerging Adults Returning to College Campuses

For the academic year 2021–2022, many American colleges mandated the COVID-19 vaccine for students to return to campus. However, when academic leaders put these mandates into effect, they may have failed to consider the emotional impact on vaccine hesitant students, especially students who have been historically marginalized or underrepresented such as Black emerging adults. This qualitative study explored how vaccine hesitant Black emerging adults describe and understand their return to academia and, how the historical mistreatment of Black Americans influenced their feelings and decision-making process around the vaccine mandates. The researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with 14 respondents, ages 18–25. The following themes were identified using thematic analysis: "…The Black Experience”: Historical Racism and Medical Misrepresentation;Personal and External Reasons for Vaccine Hesitancy;Factors Impacting the Final Decision to get Vaccinated;Experiencing Varied Emotions about being Vaccinated. Findings demonstrate that the historical mistreatment of Black individuals shaped respondents' experience and informed their hesitancy about being vaccinated. Further, while all respondents ultimately complied with the vaccine mandate and were able to return to campus, overall feelings post vaccination varied. Implications for future research, higher education, and clinical practice are discussed. © 2023 Society for the Study of Emerging Adulthood and SAGE Publishing.

Mindfulness and Wellbeing Among College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Analysis of Emergent Themes and Concerns.

Emerging adulthood (ages of 18-30 years) is a critical developmental period characterized by mental health challenges, particularly for college students who experience distinct mental health issues. Mindfulness-based approaches have been associated with mental health benefits. This study aimed to assess the mental health and wellbeing of college students with qualitative data obtained via their participation in a mindfulness exercise. We analyzed the sentiments and concerns of college students nearly a year into the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The results led to the development of four major themes: a source code of the COVID-19 pandemic, assessments of mindfulness and wellbeing, emergent concerns, and coping strategies. The findings from this paper can inform combined internal medicine and pediatrics (Med-Peds) providers' efforts to improve the mental and physical health outcomes among emerging adults.

Episodic simulation of helping behavior in younger and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic

Imagining helping a person in need increases one's willingness to help beyond levels evoked by passively reading the same stories. We examined whether episodic simulation can increase younger and older adults' willingness to help in novel scenarios posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Across three studies, we demonstrate that episodic simulation of helping behavior increases younger and older adults' willingness to help during both everyday and COVID-related scenarios. Moreover, we show that imagining helping increases emotional concern, scene imagery, and theory of mind, which in turn relate to increased willingness to help. Studies 2 and 3 also showed that people produce more internal, episodic-like details when imagining everyday compared to COVID-related scenarios, suggesting that people are less able to draw on prior experiences when simulating such novel events. These findings suggest that encouraging engagement with stories of people in need by imagining helping can increase willingness to help during the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement Since late 2019, news outlets and social media platforms have shown examples of people in need amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Across a series of studies, we examine whether people are more willing to help others in need after imagining a scenario in which they help the other person, compared to when they passively read the same story. Specifically, we examined whether imagining helping scenarios increase younger and older adults' willingness to help in novel scenarios posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Across three studies, we found that imagining helping others in need increases one's willingness to help during both everyday and COVID-related scenarios of people in need. Further, we show that imagining helping increases emotional concern, scene imagery (i.e., vividness of a scene), and theory of mind (i.e., perspective-taking), all of which are related to participants' willingness to help those in need. In Studies 2 and 3, we found that people produce richer, more event-related details when imagining everyday scenarios, but more basic, factual details for COVID-related scenarios. This suggests that people may use memories of similar past events to help imagine familiar scenarios and rely more on factual knowledge when imagining more novel or unfamiliar scenarios. These findings suggest that encouraging audiences to engage with stories of people in need by imagining helping can increase willingness to help during the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)

Children Who Lose a Parent in the COVID-19 Era: Considerations on Grief and Mourning

The death of a parent or caretaker presents children, adolescents, and young adults with an immense loss and challenge. Youth grieving and mourning requires review and reexamination from the perspective of our current times. Many youth have lost parents during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Their parents' deaths stem from various causes of mortality, both related and unrelated to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. A parental death by COVID-19 presents a unique situation that contains elements which can lead to traumatic grief and disrupted mourning. Social distancing, travel restrictions, and shifts in funeral and memorial practices all affect avenues for successful mourning. Economic, social, and educational changes and family dysfunction associated with the pandemic have altered the normal supports available to a child in the process of mourning a parent. Knowledge of childhood grief and mourning are reviewed and revisited in light of these pandemic challenges. Opportunities for clinical interventions, both in traditional psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic psychotherapy as well as parent work and consultative roles to schools, hospitals, and other institutions, are discussed.